The mining industry is the economic sector that includes the exploration and mining operations. It relates to extraction of minerals, rare earth metals including, for example copper, iron or gold. Its activity is framed in most countries by a Mining Code (mine surveys). It is an important source of revenue (direct and indirect) of water pollution, air, soil and ecosystems by metals.
The copper mines of Iberian Peninsula were already 2500 BC. Chr. Developed by a Copper Age culture (Los Millares). From here the Bell Beaker people spread metallurgical skills in Europe. In ancient times, the silver mines of Laurion were famous. There slaves worked for the Athens citizens. The Romans exploited the old mines in Tartessos, in Britain and Dacia (Romania) and further developed in other provinces new.
Since the development and exploitation of mineral deposits is very time consuming and expensive, it is to have a high contract and investment security for mining companies of concern. This contrasts with the interests of state to achieve the highest taxes from mining. Customer and recipient countries want security of supply and low prices.
This industry, in context of globalization and while some sectors are already facing an increasingly scarce resource must meet multiple demands and sometimes contradictory; a short-term benefit of demand, the shareholders and the markets, an increasing demand for material from particular manufacturers, the energy sector (coal ..) and construction including an application for the principles of sustainability development and geostrategic balances.
The principle of landowners mining. Here is why the owner of owner of resource. On public lands acquired by the Finder claims to its discovery. This view is from English common law. The French Civil Code and the style similar legal systems represent an intermediate view. The above-ground mineral resources belong to landowner, the underground to State. Depending on the location, history and development of raw materials, this results in conflicts due to different legal traditions, local authorities and contractual arrangements. The discovery and possible development of extensive natural resources can exacerbate existing territorial conflicts and problematic boundary issues, as well as lead to new legal instruments.
In Stone Age cultures (North America, New Guinea), this operation held in part to present day. The exploitation of Mediterranean obsidian deposits is considered to be the work of opportunity miners. A permanent or seasonal mining operation requires an agricultural surpluses and trade, as the miners need to be fed, without being able to produce their own food and even produce more products than the community can use. The conditions were usually given only in Chalcolithic period (Naqada / copper mines of Timna in Egypt). Iran's copper mines are already stone age and over 6500 years old. The heyday of Cypriot mines begins 4000 years ago.
A natural tendency is to look for valuable metals (gold, platinum ...) The race for the most sought gold metal ranks first with 47% of global mineral exploration expenditures 4 this rate can be much higher in some countries (over 60% in Quebec in 2005 5. The jewelry would even the first engine of global demand for gold: more than 80% of gold mined each year is transformed .
Basically, an infrastructure must be created in establishment of a mine regardless of type of raw material extraction, which allows the removal. If the mining area - as is often the case today - is in remote wilderness regions, already the construction of roads or railways and the creation of workers' settlements inevitably leads to a far-reaching influence on the natural environment. Experience shows that along the roads over time more plants of various kinds and thus new settlements and other roads arise, at least reinforce the parcelling of natural landscapes and habitat destruction, more and more.
The copper mines of Iberian Peninsula were already 2500 BC. Chr. Developed by a Copper Age culture (Los Millares). From here the Bell Beaker people spread metallurgical skills in Europe. In ancient times, the silver mines of Laurion were famous. There slaves worked for the Athens citizens. The Romans exploited the old mines in Tartessos, in Britain and Dacia (Romania) and further developed in other provinces new.
Since the development and exploitation of mineral deposits is very time consuming and expensive, it is to have a high contract and investment security for mining companies of concern. This contrasts with the interests of state to achieve the highest taxes from mining. Customer and recipient countries want security of supply and low prices.
This industry, in context of globalization and while some sectors are already facing an increasingly scarce resource must meet multiple demands and sometimes contradictory; a short-term benefit of demand, the shareholders and the markets, an increasing demand for material from particular manufacturers, the energy sector (coal ..) and construction including an application for the principles of sustainability development and geostrategic balances.
The principle of landowners mining. Here is why the owner of owner of resource. On public lands acquired by the Finder claims to its discovery. This view is from English common law. The French Civil Code and the style similar legal systems represent an intermediate view. The above-ground mineral resources belong to landowner, the underground to State. Depending on the location, history and development of raw materials, this results in conflicts due to different legal traditions, local authorities and contractual arrangements. The discovery and possible development of extensive natural resources can exacerbate existing territorial conflicts and problematic boundary issues, as well as lead to new legal instruments.
In Stone Age cultures (North America, New Guinea), this operation held in part to present day. The exploitation of Mediterranean obsidian deposits is considered to be the work of opportunity miners. A permanent or seasonal mining operation requires an agricultural surpluses and trade, as the miners need to be fed, without being able to produce their own food and even produce more products than the community can use. The conditions were usually given only in Chalcolithic period (Naqada / copper mines of Timna in Egypt). Iran's copper mines are already stone age and over 6500 years old. The heyday of Cypriot mines begins 4000 years ago.
A natural tendency is to look for valuable metals (gold, platinum ...) The race for the most sought gold metal ranks first with 47% of global mineral exploration expenditures 4 this rate can be much higher in some countries (over 60% in Quebec in 2005 5. The jewelry would even the first engine of global demand for gold: more than 80% of gold mined each year is transformed .
Basically, an infrastructure must be created in establishment of a mine regardless of type of raw material extraction, which allows the removal. If the mining area - as is often the case today - is in remote wilderness regions, already the construction of roads or railways and the creation of workers' settlements inevitably leads to a far-reaching influence on the natural environment. Experience shows that along the roads over time more plants of various kinds and thus new settlements and other roads arise, at least reinforce the parcelling of natural landscapes and habitat destruction, more and more.
About the Author:
If you wish to take part in mine surveys, let us guide you to the right direction now. Log on to the following home page to discover more on http://www.diversesurveyors.com.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar